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Clinical and Applied Thrombosis/Hemostasis, Vol. 12, No. 4,
440-444 (2006)
DOI: 10.1177/1076029606292248
Control of Edema in Hypertensive Subjects Treated With Calcium Antagonist (Nifedipine) or Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors With Pycnogenol
Gianni Belcaro, MD, PhD
Department of Biomedical Sciences, Irvine2 Vasc Lab, Microcirculation Lab and Physiology, G D’annunzio University, Pescara-Chieti San Valentino Vascular Screening Project, Cardres{at}abol.it
Maria Rosaria Cesarone, MD
Department of Biomedical Sciences, Irvine2 Vasc Lab, Microcirculation Lab and Physiology, G D’annunzio University, Pescara-Chieti San Valentino Vascular Screening Project
Andrea Ricci, MD
Department of Biomedical Sciences, Irvine2 Vasc Lab, Microcirculation Lab and Physiology, G D’annunzio University, Pescara-Chieti San Valentino Vascular Screening Project
Umberto Cornelli, MD
Department of Biomedical Sciences, Irvine2 Vasc Lab, Microcirculation Lab and Physiology, G D’annunzio University, Pescara-Chieti San Valentino Vascular Screening Project
Peter Rodhewald, MD
Department of Biomedical Sciences, Irvine2 Vasc Lab, Microcirculation Lab and Physiology, G D’annunzio University, Pescara-Chieti San Valentino Vascular Screening Project
Andrea Ledda, MD
Department of Biomedical Sciences, Irvine2 Vasc Lab, Microcirculation Lab and Physiology, G D’annunzio University, Pescara-Chieti San Valentino Vascular Screening Project
Andrea Di Renzo, BD
Department of Biomedical Sciences, Irvine2 Vasc Lab, Microcirculation Lab and Physiology, G D’annunzio University, Pescara-Chieti San Valentino Vascular Screening Project
Stefano Stuard, MD
Department of Biomedical Sciences, Irvine2 Vasc Lab, Microcirculation Lab and Physiology, G D’annunzio University, Pescara-Chieti San Valentino Vascular Screening Project
Marisa Cacchio, MD
Department of Biomedical Sciences, Irvine2 Vasc Lab, Microcirculation Lab and Physiology, G D’annunzio University, Pescara-Chieti San Valentino Vascular Screening Project
Giulia Vinciguerra, PhD
Department of Biomedical Sciences, Irvine2 Vasc Lab, Microcirculation Lab and Physiology, G D’annunzio University, Pescara-Chieti San Valentino Vascular Screening Project
Giuseppe Gizzi, MD
Department of Biomedical Sciences, Irvine2 Vasc Lab, Microcirculation Lab and Physiology, G D’annunzio University, Pescara-Chieti San Valentino Vascular Screening Project
Luciano Pellegrini, MD
Department of Biomedical Sciences, Irvine2 Vasc Lab, Microcirculation Lab and Physiology, G D’annunzio University, Pescara-Chieti San Valentino Vascular Screening Project
Mark Dugall, MD
Department of Biomedical Sciences, Irvine2 Vasc Lab, Microcirculation Lab and Physiology, G D’annunzio University, Pescara-Chieti San Valentino Vascular Screening Project
Filiberto Fano, BD
Department of Biomedical Sciences, Irvine2 Vasc Lab, Microcirculation Lab and Physiology, G D’annunzio University, Pescara-Chieti San Valentino Vascular Screening Project
The presence of edema in different phases and stages of essential hypertension may be due to antihypertensive treatment. Some drugs may cause edema by inducing vasodilatation, increasing the capillary exchange surface and capillary filtration. Pycnogenol has an important anti-edema effect in diabetic microangiopathy and chronic venous insufficiency. This 8-week study evaluated capillary filtration in 2 comparable treatment groups with hypertension treated with a calcium antagonist (nifedipine) or angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor to define its efficacy in preventing edema caused by antihypertensives. A significant decrease in filtration was observed in the Pycnogenol groups. Pycnogenol controls this type of edema, it helps to prevent and limit long-term damage in the microcirculation in hypertensive patients, and allows the dose of anti-hypertensive drugs to be reduced in most patients.
Key Words: Hypertension • Pycnogenol • Edema
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